However, the development of nuclear energy is associated with certain issues:
- Nuclear energy is considered an important source for solving energy shortages in the world.
- It ensures carbon reduction and is regarded as an environmentally clean source of energy.
- Nuclear power plants make it possible to generate stable energy, especially in cases where renewable sources are insufficient.
- Issues of safety, radiation control, and waste management are key factors in the development of nuclear energy.
- In the future, nuclear energy may become a safe and efficient source of energy through new technologies (for example, reactors controlled by artificial intelligence, small modular reactors).
Nuclear energy contributes to carbon reduction and makes it possible to combat climate change. Among the key issues are radiation safety, nuclear waste management, and environmental impacts. Scientific research and technological innovations are aimed at reducing these risks. For example, new-generation reactors (small-capacity, with passive safety features) make nuclear energy more efficient and safer. According to the data of the World Nuclear Association, Kazakhstan ranks first in uranium production. In this regard, nuclear power plants have great potential for stable energy generation. Unlike renewable sources such as solar and wind, they are not dependent on weather conditions. This is especially important for solving environmental issues in our country. Otherwise, Kazakhstan ranks 93rd out of 180 countries in environmental performance, and 115th in terms of air pollution. Therefore, our country has joined the group of 27 states in the world that have the potential to develop nuclear energy.
In the future, nuclear energy, in combination with artificial intelligence, robotic monitoring systems, and renewable energy sources, will play a stable, safe, and environmentally friendly role in energy production. In addition, nuclear energy opens new opportunities for research and innovation, accelerating scientific progress. In conclusion, it can be stated that nuclear energy is a necessary and strategically important source of energy for modern society. Its development ensures energy security and paves the way for an environmentally clean and economically sustainable future.
Mansiya ASSEMBAYEVA,
Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Thermal Physics and Technical Physics
