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Periodical publications are considered a valuable source of information from the perspective of source studies. Newspapers and magazines from different periods encompass a wide range of genres, including official documents, news reports, statistical data, analytical articles, and advertising materials. At the same time, they reflect the ideological views of their time and the characteristics of the language in use. These features allow researchers to gain a comprehensive understanding of events and processes within a particular historical period. Moreover, the frequency of publication makes it possible to trace the dynamics of these processes.

From this perspective, newspapers and journals from different years stored in the collection of the National Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan are an important source for studying various aspects of social development. These publications, along with political events of their time, perform an important informational and documentary function by reflecting everyday life, public mood, and the characteristics of the era. Since the materials published in these periodicals appeared during the period when the Arabic script was used, they provide valuable information for studying the experiences of that stage of societal development; however, for those who do not know the traditional script, they present certain difficulties during reading and research.

Among the materials in the museum collection, the socio-political journal “Айқап”, the journal “Абай” which left a mark on Kazakh journalism, the educational, economic and political journal “Шолпан”, the newspaper “Тілші” and the journal “Әйел теңдігі” became platforms in their time for shaping national public consciousness and discussing issues of political development.

In the issues of the journal “Абай” in which Zhusipbek Aimauytov and Mukhtar Auezov actively participated in its publication, articles and poems of Kazakh intellectuals were published. The journal “Шолпан” consists of four sections: 1. Economic section. 2. Literary section. 3. Educational section. 4. Political section. Some authors did not fully disclose their names.

The journal “Айқап” considered one of the first examples of Kazakh national press and accepted into the museum collection in 1979, contains in the first four pages of issue №1 a foreword addressed to readers, raising pressing issues of society.

By systematizing the data of periodicals, it is possible to determine their value in studying specific historical periods and events. Quantitative data encountered facilitate comparison, analysis, and the preparation of statistical information. As an example, one can take the extensive article by D. Babasuly titled “Қазақ әйелін азаттыққа жеткізу жөнінде заң жүзінде не істелді?” published in the “Заң” section of issue №11 (35) of the journal “Әйел теңдігі”. In the article it is stated that “the work carried out legally to achieve the liberation of Kazakh women is divided into three types: 1. What laws were adopted regarding women’s emancipation? 2. How were these laws implemented in judicial institutions? 3. To what extent did Kazakh women participate in the implementation of these laws?”, and the data and figures presented for each point undoubtedly constitute an important informational basis for researchers.

Newspapers and journals make it possible to observe the evolution of political ideas, the dynamics of public opinion, and the development of genres; therefore, they are used in sociological and historical research, and due to the diversity of their content, they serve as a comprehensive source reflecting everyday life and interests of society.

A source-based review of periodical publications in the museum collection made it possible to determine their informational potential and historical-cultural significance.

Zhanna ORYNBEKOVA
Researcher